Studying at the University of Verona

Here you can find information on the organisational aspects of the Programme, lecture timetables, learning activities and useful contact details for your time at the University, from enrolment to graduation.

Study Plan

This information is intended exclusively for students already enrolled in this course.
If you are a new student interested in enrolling, you can find information about the course of study on the course page:

Laurea magistrale in Medical bioinformatics - Enrollment from 2025/2026

The Study Plan includes all modules, teaching and learning activities that each student will need to undertake during their time at the University.
Please select your Study Plan based on your enrollment year.

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S Placements in companies, public or private institutions and professional associations

Teaching code

4S004562

Credits

6

Language

English en

Scientific Disciplinary Sector (SSD)

MED/01 - MEDICAL STATISTICS

Period

I sem. dal Oct 3, 2016 al Jan 31, 2017.

Learning outcomes

The aim of the course "Epidemiological methods and clinical epidemiology" is to provide the theoretical and practical tools for assessing the frequency of diseases in human populations and the associated risk factors. The course therefore aims to provide expertise in epidemiology, bio-statistics and information technology applied to biomedical data analysis. At the end of the course, the student must demonstrate to have understood the main bio-statistical methods applied to epidemiology and how to apply these methods to analyse data using a statistical software.

Program

The course is structured in theoretical frontal lessons (32h) and in practical lessons (24h) on the use of a statistical software (STATA) for the quantitative analysis of biomedical data.

1. Introduction to epidemiology
- Definition and key features
- Traditional classification of epidemiology
- John Snow and cholera outbreaks in London

2. Measures of occurrence
- Outcomes
- Prevalence
- Cumulative incidence
- Incidence rate

3. Measures of association and public health impact
- Determinants
- Epidemiological associations
- Attributable risk (AR) and AR%
- Relative risk (RR) and Odds ratio (OR)
- Effect modification
- Population attributable risk (PAR) and PAR%

4. Types of epidemiological studies
- Ecological studies
- Cross-sectional studies
- Cohort studies
- Case-control studies
- Experimental studies

5. Causal interpretation of an empirical association
- Statistical vs. causal associations
- Causal models in epidemiology
- Validity of a study (random error, bias, confounding)
- Types of bias
- Methods to control confounding
- Hill’s positive criteria for causality

6. Principles of inference
- Principles of sampling
- Point estimate and sampling distribution
- Confidence interval
- Hypothesis test
- Test of significance

7. Stratified analysis
- Effect modification vs. confounding
- Stratum-specific estimates
- Testing homogeneity
- Pooled estimate
- Testing the stratified null hypothesis of no association

8. Basic statistical models in epidemiological research
- Linear regression model
- Logistic regression model

9. Statistical methods for survival analysis
- Kaplan-Meier non-parametric estimator
- Cox regression model

Reference texts
Author Title Publishing house Year ISBN Notes
Marubini E, Valsecchi MG Analysing Survival Data from Clinical Trials and Observational Studies John Wiley & sons 1995
Pearce N A short Introduction to Epidemiology (Edizione 2) 2005 https://vula.uct.ac.za/access/content/group/9c29ba04-b1ee-49b9-8c85-9a468b556ce2/DOH/Module%202%20(Bio_Epi)/Epidemiology/EPIDEMIOLOGY/Pearce.pdf
Hennekens CH, Buring JE Epidemiology in Medicine Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 1987
McCullagh P, Nelder JA Generalized Linear Models (Edizione 2) Chapman and Hall/CRC 1989
Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL Modern Epidemiology (Edizione 3) Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2008
Glantz SA Statistica per Discipline Biomediche (Edizione 6) McGraw-Hill 2007 9788838639258

Examination Methods

The final test is a written exam in computer lab. The test is the same for attending and non-attending students.
The aim of the test is to verify the knowledge of all the topics discussed and the ability to solve a biomedical problem by analyzing health data using the statistical software STATA.
The commands, results and interpretation of the analysis are reported in written form. In addition, students have to answer some questions to ascertain the understanding of theory.
The final evaluation is expressed in thirtieths.

Students with disabilities or specific learning disorders (SLD), who intend to request the adaptation of the exam, must follow the instructions given HERE