Teaching code

4S007336

Credits

6

Coordinator

Roberto Giacobazzi

Language

Italian

Also offered in courses:

• Philosophy of Science of the course Master's degree in Linguistics

Scientific Disciplinary Sector (SSD)

M-FIL/02 - LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Moodle Seminars 0

The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

Epistemology and Philosophy of Science The course is an introduction to the Contemporary Philosophy of Science, with the aim of highlighting the most meaningful moments in the development of the Science and the philosophical issues which are involved in. Expected outcomes:
• to be able to critically examine the fundamental assumptions of Positivism, the relationship between the twentieth century “linguistic turn” of Philosophy and the Philosophy of Science and, finally, the implications of the sociological methodology when applied to epistemological subjects, in order to
• understand the conceptual grounds of the Philosophy of Science (i.e., realism, objectivity, experimental evidence, limits of validity, etc.);
• to master the Epistemological lexicon;
• to actively participate in the debates concerning developments (even the most recent ones) in the field of the Philosophy of Science.

Program

The course aims to give answers (certainly not definitive) to a fundamental question: What is the value of science in the contemporary debate? To tackle this problem, understand its scope and stimulate curiosity, we will study a specific case: computer science as information science. We will see how this "new" science was born and place it in the broader history of science, what are its epistemological foundations, its limits, its ambitions towards an artificial intelligence, and how this is placed in the economic, ethical, and social context.

Course content:
1) Logical-analytical reasoning and Philosophy: from Parmenides to Kant
2) Logical-analytical reasoning and Science: from Leibniz to the Vienna circle
3) Deduction and induction, Realism and constructivism;
4) From verificationism to falsificationism: scientific experience and theories;
5) Positivism and determinism: automata, machines, constructivism: from C. Babbage to A. Turing
6) The language and the specification: syntax and semantics: machines, languages, data, algorithms, compute
7) The limits of science and the calculable: the scientific method, computational thinking: substitutability, falsifiability, objectification of information
7) The science of limits: scientific truth, computational linguistics and Artificial Intelligence
8) Ethics and philosophy of digital

DIDACTIC METHODS
The teaching methods consist of frontal lessons which will be divided into two moments:
1) general part: this is an introduction to the philosophy of "contemporary science", with the presentation of some important moments of scientific development, suitable for the transmission of the basic historical-conceptual notions regarding the philosophy of science and epistemology. In this general part we will follow the order of the topics of the first of the adopted texts, History of the philosophy of science by Oldroyd, with in addition anthological material that will be distributed in class;
2) monographic part: we will study the philosophical bases of computer science as information science, its genesis within the debate on the foundations of mathematics of the early 1900s, its history, and its current evolution, yet focusing on epistemological aspects, ethical and social aspects of this "new" science.

The lectures also make use of slides, in order to make learning clearer and more immediate and stimulate the active participation of students. In this regard, students are encouraged to carry out seminar activities regarding topics agreed with the teacher and related to the program of the course: these seminar activities will be recognized during the exam. An individual reception service is also available throughout the academic year at the teacher's office, at the times indicated on the web pages of the course.
At the first lesson, students will receive the complete calendar of teaching activities with the dates and topics covered in the lessons for which the timetable and classroom are provided. Any suspension of lessons by the teacher for academic reasons will be promptly communicated both in the classroom and on the website or other platforms agreed with the students.

Bibliography

Examination Methods

The exam consists in an individual seminar on topics covered in class and agreed with the teacher. The seminar lasting 20mins will have to frame the problem in the historical-cultural context of reference (30% of the evaluation), deal analytically with the various aspects relating to the problem, eg. methodologies used and socio-cultural impact (20% of the evaluation) and outline scenarios of philosophical interest related to the problem dealt with (50% of the evaluation). To carry out the seminar, students will be able to use slides or other multimedia material.