Learning objectives

The main aim of this course is to enable students to adequately describe the skeletal system, the muscular system, the vascular system, the integumentary, respiratory, endocrine, urinary reproductive, digestive, lymphatic, the central nervous systems and part of the peripheral nervous system (spinal nerves and autonomic nerves) using the proper terminology. The heart and the cranial nerves are also examined. The course addresses the gross anatomy and the microscopic features of these systems and provides their essential morphological-functional bases.

Prerequisites and basic notions

Knowledge of basic biology, cytology

Program

Introduction to the study of human anatomy: General structure of the organism and anatomical terminology, anatomical position; surfaces and planes of section; movements of the body and related terminology. Topographical anatomy: general organization of the human body and definition of anatomical relationships between structures. Notes on histology: definition of tissues, apparatuses and systems. Description of the morpho-functional characteristics of the different tissues (epithelial tissue - glands -; connective tissue and specialized connective tissue (blood, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue); muscular tissue; nervous tissue). Locomotor system: General information and notes on the morpho-functional characteristics of bone tissue. Skeleton and joints: general structure of the skeleton. Types of bones. Skull, general structure: neurocranium and splanchnocranium. Description of the individual cranial bones. Vertebral column and rib cage. Shoulder girdle and bones of the upper limb. Pelvic girdle and bones of the lower limb. Classification of joints and general description of the joint cavity with notes on the more complex joints. Muscular system: general organization, morpho-functional notes on skeletal muscle tissue. Description of the muscles of the head and neck; muscles of the thorax; abdominal and pelvic muscles; muscles of the limbs. Cardio-circulatory system: general information; arteries and veins; pulmonary circulation; systemic circulation; arteries and veins of the large circulation, mapping of the arterial and venous system. Heart. Elements of fetal circulation and placenta. Blood. The lymphatic system: lymph; lymph nodes; thymus; spleen. Digestive system: general organization and characteristics of the peritoneum: the oral cavity, tongue and teeth; pharynx; esophagus; stomach; intestine; pancreas; liver, bile ducts and gall bladder. Respiratory system: external nose and nasal cavities; pharynx; larynx; trachea; bronchi; lungs and pleurae; respiratory mechanics and related nervous centers. Urinary system: general information; kidney; renal pelvis; ureter; bladder; male urethra and associated glands; female urethra. Female genital system: general information, ovary; uterine tubes; uterus; vagina; external genitalia; placenta. Male genital system: general information; testicle; spermatic ducts; external genitalia. Nervous system: general information and organization. Peripheral nervous system: general organization; cranial nerves; spinal nerves; vegetative nervous system. Central nervous system: general organization, meninges, ventricular cavities and cerebrospinal fluid. Spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum, diencephalon, telencephalon. Endocrine system: general information and topography, structure and function of the hypothalamic-pituitary control centers and the main endocrine glands.

Didactic methods

the course will consist of frontal lessons in the presence. students will be provided with teaching material relating to the lessons held and also for further study.

Learning assessment procedures

The exam will be oral and in person.

Evaluation criteria

The ability to understand and memorize the subject, the specialized anatomical language, the ability to have an overall and detailed vision of the topics in the program will be evaluated. The interview will focus on topics in the program requiring skills from both a topographical and macro and micro anatomy point of view.

Criteria for the composition of the final grade

Evaluation of the oral interview

Exam language

italiano