Teaching code

4S02384

Teacher

Manuela Lavelli

Coordinator

Manuela Lavelli

Credits

9

Language

Italian

Scientific Disciplinary Sector (SSD)

M-PSI/04 - DEVELOPMENTAL AND EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

Period

Sem. 1A, Sem. 1B

Lessons timetable Moodle Seminars 0

Learning outcomes

Knowledge and understanding
1. Having a basic knowledge and understanding of developmental and learning processes in the different psychological domains (motor-perceptual, cognitive, communicative-linguistic, emotional, socio-relational) from neonatal life to adolescence.
2. Having a basic knowledge and understanding of the main theories explaining these processes, and related research methods.
3. Having a basic knowledge and understanding of factors, which can promote or, on the contrary, hinder individual developmental trajectories.

Applying knowledge and understanding
1. Being able to observe and interpret child behavior (the behavior of a given child in a given context) in the light of the acquired knowledge.
2. Being able to consider the relationship between child characteristics (individual factors and skills) and contextual characteristics (family, social and cultural factors) in order to understand individual differences in developmental trajectories, and to identify specific promotion factors.
3. Being able to apply the acquired knowledge to identify possible difficulties or disorders in different developmental domains (emotional-relational, cognitive, linguistic, motor) and develop targeted educational interventions.

Program

After an introduction to fundamental concepts of Developmental Psychology, the course of the lessons will follow the child developmental process. Specifically, the following topics will be addressed:
- Introduction to Developmental and Educational Psychology
- Brain plasticity and the nature-nurture relationship in human development
- Neonatal period: continuity between prenatal and neonatal behaviors; newborn behavioral states; expressive and perceptual skills; infant pre-adapted to interact with human beings
- Infancy: emotional expression; early development of intersubjectivity and emotional regulation
- Infancy: milestones of motor development and cognition about the physical word: Piaget’s constructivist theory, and beyond: results from more recent studies
- Infancy: development of attachment and patterns of attachment: Bowlby-Ainsworth’s theory and current issues; patterns of attachment and emotional regulation styles
- Infancy: theories on language acquisition and development: Vygotskij and Bruner’s socio-cultural interactionist theory; comparison with other theories; Piaget-Vygotskij comparison
- Infancy: scripts, concepts and words; continuity between prelinguistic and linguistic communication; lexical and syntactic development
- Infancy and early childhood: development of conceptual self and complex emotions; social competence with peers and adults in nursery school and preschool contexts
- Early childhood: cognitive development: classic piagetian theory and following concerns; studies on the Theory of Mind and its development
- Early childhood: development of narrative thought/language and autobiographical memory
- Early childhood: development of graphic representation
- Childhood: entrance to primary school; cognitive development: classic piagetian theory, post-piagetians and human information processing (HIP) approach; neuroconstructivist approach
- Childhood: memory and working memory
- Childhood: development of executive functions and monitoring of cognitive processes
- Childhood: social and emotional development: executive functions and emotional regulation, behavioral difficulties; self-esteem; peer relationships
- Childhood and early adolescence: moral cognition, prosocial and aggressive behaviors; bullying
- Early adolescence: puberty: effects on development; role of monosexual groups of peers
- Adolescence: development tasks and current characteristics; functional and dysfunctional mentalization of sexuated body; psychological detachment from parents; role of peer group
- Adolescence: development of new representations of oneself; current concerns to the traditionl theories of identity formation; migrations and ethnic identity
- Adolescence: cognitive development: classic piagetian theory, following concerns, and theories of multiple intelligences
- Individual developmental trajectories: resilience vs. vulnerability; individual and environmental factors affecting the development of resilience vs. vulnerability

Didactic methods
During lessons, explanations supported by visual devises will be alternated with moments in which students will be actively engaged in discussions and analyses of research videos illustrative of concepts and issues addressed.

Exam texts
The preparation of the exam includes the study of (1) an handbook of Developmental Psychology, (2) a monograph (for 2021/2022 it will be on the power of discord in building persistent relationships), and (3)
a volume to be chosen from those listed at point 3A or 3B or 3C, in order to deepen the study of a specific developmental period (infancy, school age, adolescence).
(1) Belsky, J. (2020). Psicologia dello Sviluppo. Second italian edition. Zanichelli (until p. 304 +pp. 317-321).
(2) Tronick, E., & Gold, C.M. (2020). The Power of Discord. Why the Ups and Downs of Relationships Are the Secret to Building Intimacy, Resilience, and Trust. It. tr. Il potere delle discordia. Perché il conflitto rafforza le relazioni. Raffaello Cortina 2021.
(3) One of the following volumes, according to the personal interest:
3A) Infancy
- Lavelli, M. (2007/2015). Intersoggettività. Origini e primi sviluppi. Raffaello Cortina (only the introduction and the second part).
- Murray, L. (2014). The Psychology of Babies. Robinson, UK. It. tr. Le prime relazioni del bambino. Dalla nascita ai due anni, i legami fondamentali per lo sviluppo. Raffaello Cortina 2015.
- Reddy, V. (2008). How Infants Know Minds. Harvard College, UK. It. tr. Cosa passa per la testa di un bambino. Emozioni e scoperta della mente. Raffaello Cortina 2010.
3B) (Pre)School age and learning
- Aureli, T., Bascelli, E., Camodeca, M., Di Sano, S. (2008). Il bambino in classe. Aspetti teorici e strumenti di valutazione. Carocci (no recurrent paragraphs ‘Evaluation tools’ and ‘Intervention tools’ in chapter 2).
- Bonifacci, P. (2019, I ristampa). I bambini bilingui. Favorire gli apprendimenti nelle classi multiculturali. Carocci (no chapters 3 and 4; chapters 9 and 10 to be read only).
- Bonifacci, P., & Tobia, V. (2020, III ristampa). Apprendere nella scuola dell’infanzia. Lo sviluppo dei prerequisiti. Carocci.
3C) Adolescence
- Albiero P. (a cura di) (2021 ed.). Il benessere psicosociale in adolescenza. Prospettive multidisciplinari. Carocci (no chapters 6 and 10).
- Ammaniti, M. (2018). Adolescenti senza tempo. Raffaello Cortina.
- Speltini, G. (a cura di) (2016). L’età giovanile. Disagio e risorse psicosociali. Il Mulino (no chapters IX and X).
A copy of the lecture slides will also be available on the Moodle platform. However, the slides CANNOT replace the exam texts.

Bibliography

Examination Methods

Written exam: the student will have two hours to answer to 4 open questions on topics illustrated in the three exam texts.

Evaluation criteria
The students will have to demonstrate that they:
- have a basic knowledge and understanding of both developmental processes in different psychological domains, and main theories explaining these processes;
- are able to relate and process the acquired knowledge;
- are able to apply the acquired knowledge to to interpret a child’s behavior (a brief case);
- ability to communicate in a clear and effective way, by using adequate terminology and correct syntax.
Each answer will be given a rating score out of 30; the final score will be the average of the four partial scores.