Teaching code

4S00151

Credits

12

Coordinator

Fabio Favati

Language

Italian

Moodle Seminars 0

The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

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MM: TECNOLOGIE E PROCESSI ENOLOGICI
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THEORY MODULE: The purpose of this course is to provide knowledge concerning the chemical and biochemical mechanisms taking place during winemaking, as well as on the main steps of the winemaking process and related modulating factors. In addition to discussing the major red and white winemaking protocols, the course features a section on ‘special’ winemaking procedures, including production of rosé wines, sparkling wines, low sulfites wines and wines from withered grapes. The mechanisms contributing to wine ageing and maturation will be discussed in relationship to the most recent advances in wine science
LABORATORY MODULE: The purpose of this course is to illustrate, by means of practical laboratory experiences as well as winery visits, the main procedures for process control in the winery. The odor characteristics of certain volatile compounds commonly used as markers for sensory process control are illustrated during tasting sessions.
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MM: TECNOLOGIE E CONDIZIONAMENTO DEI VINI
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THEORY MODULE: Aim of the course is to provide the students with the basic knowledge related to wine packaging and conditioning, with a special emphasis on the relationships among container, closure and product. At the end of the course the students should be able to choose, according to the product category and characteristics, consumers’ requests and production costs, the most suitable conditioning procedure as well as the packaging so to ensure that the required quality and shelf-life of the products.
LABORATORY MODULE: Through an active participation to the solution of practical case studies, the students will acquire the required knowledge and skills for the correct choice of suitable technical processes, containers and closures, as well as for the management of problems that may arise during the various steps of wine conditioning. Furthermore, participating to guided visits to wine production plants or to factories manufacturing equipment for the wine industries, the students will meet and discuss with technical specialists and will be able to realize the issues related to the real life on a production line.

Program

MM: TECNOLOGIE E PROCESSI ENOLOGICI

THEORY MODULE: - Grape ripening and its influence on the main berry components of enological interest - Must enzymatic activities - Grape harvest and its influence on wine quality - Mechanisms of sulfur dioxide action - Wine aroma: nature and origin of wine aroma compounds - The management of alcoholic fermentation: Yeast metabolism and production of aroma compounds. Fermentation nutrients. Criteria for the selection of yeast strains - The production of white wine: Pre-fermentative steps. Management of pressing. Reductive and oxidative handling of grape must. The management of alcoholic fermentation. The contribution of yeast lees. Main process indicators and relative analyses. - The production of red wine: Pre-fermentative steps. Management of maceration. The management of alcoholic fermentation. Main process indicators and relative analyses. - The management of malolactic fermentation. Bacteria metabolism and production of aroma compounds. Fermentation nutrients. Criteria for the selection of bacterial strain. - Wine maturation and ageing in tank and in barrel. The contribution of oxygen - Special wines: Rosé wines, sparkling wines, low sulfites wines and wines from withered grapes. - Wine stabilization treatments. - Wine bottle aging. Main chemical mechanisms. Role of oxygen. Evolution of mouthfeel and formation of the aging ‘bouquet’ - Wine defects, prevention and cure.
LABORATORY MODULE: - Odor characters of metabolites associated with osmotic stress, biological oxidation, Brettanomyces spoilage, faulty packaging materials - Spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods for process control in the winery - Analytical evaluation of white grape quality - Analytical evaluation of red grape quality - Oxygen management during winemaking and at bottling - Winery visit

MM: TECNOLOGIE E CONDIZIONAMENTO DEI VINI

THEORY MODULE: - The main issues related to conditioning and packaging of wine products. - Packaging materials: glass, PET, tetrapack, steel; technical characteristics and properties, advantages and disadvantages related to their utilization. - Bottle closures: natural and synthetic cork, metallic screw cap closures, crown caps, glass stoppers; technical characteristics and properties, advantages and disadvantages related to their utilization. - Cleaning and sanitation processes for wine containers: how and why. Choice and use of cleaning and sanitation chemicals, the role of water; CIP and COP technical choices. - Wine prefilling treatments: cooling, filtration technology, filtration index. - Filling of wine containers: description of the available equipment, properties, advantages and disadvantages, choice of the suitable equipment according to the product’s characteristics. - The use of heat shrink capsules, collars, labels: technical characteristics, equipment, advantages and disadvantages related to different labelling techniques. Besides the suggested textbooks, some study material might also be provided by the lecturer.
LABORATORY MODULE: - The exercise/praactical part of the course will be devoted to solving real problems that may occur during the production. The students will be guided to find practical answers to the problems, therefore being obliged to have a global approach to the various issues and to take care of all the possible interactions that may occur within the various steps of the conditioning process and the product. Within this frame, students will also participate to guided visits to wine production plants or to factories manufacturing equipment for the wine industry.

Bibliography

Examination Methods

In order to pass the course of Oenology 2, students are required to be evaluated for each module of the exam. For each module the student wills be graded over a score of 30 points, being 18 the minimum score to pass, and the final score of the whole course will be calculated as weighted average of the two scores, taking into account the number of CFU and the received score. Final score= [(Score of Module1 x 9CFU) + (Score of Module2 x 3CFU)]/12 CFU.
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MM: TECNOLOGIE E PROCESSI ENOLOGICI
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THEORY MODULE: Oral exam to verify knowledge of the topics discussed during theoretical and practical classes. Exam results are given in fractions of thirty. No distinction will be made between students attending/non attending classes
LABORATORY MODULE: The topics of this course are discussed during the oral exam of Enology II
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MM: TECNOLOGIE E CONDIZIONAMENTO DEI VINI
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THEORY MODULE: Oral exam - Initially the student will be asked to discuss one of the topics of the course that he considered of the utmost interest. Afterwards, the lecturer will present a practical problem that may be faced in the real working life and will evaluate how the candidate will organize and utilize the scientific and technical skills acquired during the study to highlight a possible solution to the problem. In this way the student will be oriented to study for acquiring not a mere "theoretical knowledge" but a "practical" one. The student will be graded over a score of 30 points, being 18 the minimum score to pass the exam. No different evaluation modalities are planned for students who have attended or not the theoretical and/or the practical part of the course.
LABORATORY MODULE: Students are not required to take a specific exam for the practical part of the course. However, the acquired knowledge and skills will be evaluated within the oral exam set for the theoretical part of the course, taking into account the students’ capability to adapt and use in the real productive world the acquired theoretical knowledge and skills.