Learning outcomes

Bringing the learners to the knowledge of skeletal pathologies in the growth phase. For this purpose, the mechanisms of growth, regulation and control of the skeleton and bone mass will be treated. Particular attention will be given to the acquisition of peak bone mass and to the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying a correct skeletal development

Program

These issues will be treated specifically:
Bone growth, physiological and pathological modalities, genetic and environmental influences. Study methods.
Control of bone mass, physiological and pathological modalities, newly acquired genetic and environmental influences. Study methods.
Study of bone metabolism in Pediatrics, routine laboratory tests and in the field of research; bone apposition and resorption markers. Instrumental examinations.
Osteochondrodysplasia: pathophysiological mechanism of some childhood osteochondrodysplasias, in particular achondroplasia, dechondrosteosis, hypophosphatemic rickets, hypophosphatasia. Clinical pictures and x-rays. New diagnostic and therapeutic pathways.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta: pathogenetic mechanisms, classification of the various forms, clinical evolution, medical treatments with particular regard to bisphosphonates. New lines of research and therapeutic perspectives.
Vitamin D: Bone and extraosseous actions. Deficiency frameworks and methods of supplementation. Treatments of deficient and genetic rickets.

Examination Methods

oral test