The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

Module: STATISTICA MEDICA
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To collect and synthesize data from a clinical or epidemiological research, give a summary measure and be able to interpret the main statistical results, knowing how to construct and interpret a graphical representation of the summary of the results. Knowing how to interpret confidence intervals and major statistical tests.


Module: BIOCHIMICA
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DA INSERIRE ...............................................................


Module: FISICA APPLICATA
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The course aims to provide:
• the foundations of the experimental method, which is the basis of modern science and technology disciplines
• basic knowledge (physical quantities and physical laws) of mechanical phenomena, with examples and bioscience applications(biomechanics).
At the end of the course students will apply their knowledge to solve physics problems.


Module: BIOLOGIA APPLICATA
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To provide an evolutionary view of human biology, focusing on molecular and
cellular processes shared by all living organisms. To teach the laws of genetic transmission. Students are expected to be able to understand the
consequences of various changes (e.g. mutations) occurring at the cellular level; they should also be able to recognize the different patterns of inheritance. Examples of specific genetic diseases will be discussed

Program

Module: STATISTICA MEDICA
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Use of statistics in health data

Collection and presentation
Measurement procedure and Variable types
Precision and accuracy of a measurement procedure
Tables 1 and 2 entries
Absolute and relative frequencies
Cumulative frequencies
Graphical representation of the data

Position and dispersion measures
Mode
Quantiles and median
Simple and weighted mean
Range and standard deviation
Coefficient of variation

Introduction to probability
Definition of probability
Rule of addition and multiplication
Independent and conditional probability

Introduction to statistical inference
The concept of statistical inference
Inference techniques:
Binomial and Gauss distribution, confidence intervals and Hypothesis testing

Diagnostic and screening test:Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value of screening


Module: BIOCHIMICA
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DA INSERIRE ...............................................................


Module: FISICA APPLICATA
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Physical quantities and their measurement.
Definition of a physical quantity. Unit consistency and conversions. Standards and units. Uncertainty and significant figures.
The foundation of classical mechanics.
Forces and motion. Newton’s laws of motion and their application. Motion description: displacement, velocity and acceleration. Work and kinetic energy. Potential energy and energy conservation. Momentum. Torque and angular momentum.
Biomechanics.
Lever systems in the human body. Equilibrium in the human body. Elements of mechanics of movement.


Module: BIOLOGIA APPLICATA
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The historical bases of modern biology. General biology of prokaryotes. The evolution of eukaryotes; characteristics of the e. cell; cell cycle and its regulation, mitosis. The molecular bases of inheritance: DNA (structure, replication, other features). Definition of gene. The informational pathway: transcription (in prokaryotes and eukaryotes); mRNA processing, the regulation of gene expression. Chromatin and chromosomes, normal and pathologic human karyotype. Gene dosage and X chromosome inactivation in mammals. Sex determination in the developing embryo.
Mutations: various types; how , where and when do they happen. Mutagens, DNA repair mechanisms.
Somatic mutations and cancer. Sexual reproduction, meiosis, human gametogenesis. Mendel’s laws of inheritance. Association and recombination. Human genetics, how to construct and interpret a pedigree. Genetics of blood groups (AB0, Rh). Examples of autosomal inheritance (dominant and recessive) and X-linked inheritance. Examples of mendelian diseases in man.

Bibliography

Examination Methods

Module: STATISTICA MEDICA
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The exam consists of a written test consisting of multiple-choice tests and exercises.


Module: BIOCHIMICA
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DA INSERIRE ...............................................................


Module: FISICA APPLICATA
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Written exam consisting in simple problem solving. After passing the written test an oral examination will assess the understanding of the main concepts and examine the development of the written test.


Module: BIOLOGIA APPLICATA
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Written exam with multiple choice quizzes followed by oral discussion