Teaching code

4S000039

Credits

7

Coordinator

Chiara Della Libera

Language

Italian

Moodle Seminars 0

The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

The course introduces the student to the ability of describing the human’s body structure (both considering the macroscopic level and the microscopic level) in normal conditions. Moreover the course develop the knowing of the essential morphologic characteristics of systems, organs, tissues, cells and subcellular structures of the human body and their main related Morphofunctional. It also proposes the study of the physiological phenomena of the various systems, in a holistic view from the cell to the whole organism and to recognize the principles of homeostasis and the control mechanisms that oversee them and the major adjustments in non- basal conditions. HISTOLOGY: The objectives of the course are: • to provide to the students essential knowledge on the structure and function of the cell as well as of tissues which compose the organs of the human body • familiarize the students with themes concerning cells and tissues as basis for subsequent courses of the normal and pathological structure and functions of the human body HUMAN ANATOMY: The course is aimed at learning by the student of architecture and anatomical morphology of organs and systems and of the functional significance of their overall organization in the human body. PHYSIOLOGY: The course provides the scientific knowledge of the human body's general structure. The student learns the working principles of the different organs, the dynamic integration of organs in apparatuses and the general mechanisms of the functional control in normal conditions.

Program

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MM: FISIOLOGIA
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BASIC PHYSIOLOGY Principles of cell functions. Homeostasis of body fluids. Signal transduction - membrane receptors, second messengers and regulation of gene expression. INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION Membrane potential. Graduate potentials. Action potential. Classification of neural fibers. Electrical and chemical synapses. Neurotransmitters and hormones. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY Sensory systems - Receptors and signal transduction. Receptors and afferent fibers for the processing of visual, auditory, tactile, proprioceptive, thermal and noxious stimuli. Central processing of sensory inputs. Pain. Motor systems - Neuromuscular junction. Spinal reflexes. Autonomous nervous system - Functional organization. MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY Skeletal muscle- Functional organization. Structural and functional bases of muscle contraction. Classification of muscle fibers. Motor units. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Circulation. Elements of cardiac function. Regulation of heart and vasculature. Integrated control of the cardiovascular system. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Structure and function of the respiratory system. Static and dynamic mechanical properties of the lung and chest wall. Ventilation, perfusion and their relationships. Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport. Control of respiration. Non-respiratory functions of the lung. GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY The gastrointestinal tract. Integrated responses to a meal: Cephalic, oral, esophageal, gastric and small intestinal and colonic phases. Transport and metabolic functions of the liver. RENAL SYSTEM Solute and water transport along the nephron: tubular function. Control of body fluid osmolality and volume. Potassium, calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Role of the kidneys in the regulation of acid-base balance. ENDOCRINE AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS Hormonal regulation of energy metabolism. Hormonal regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Thyroid glands. Adrenal glands. Male and female reproductive systems.
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MM: ANATOMIA UMANA
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- Muscolar/bone apparatus - Cardiocircular apparatus - Lung apparatus - Renal tract - Gastrointestinal tract - pancreas and liver - Nervous system
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MM: ISTOLOGIA
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Histological, cytological and tissue methods and survey tools: - Epithelial (glandular lining) - Muscolar - Connective tissue ( cartilage,bone,fat,alas,dense ) - Blood - Nervous tissue (central and peripheral)

Bibliography

Examination Methods

The exam will be in oral form and it will be carried out jointly for all the modules in the Course.