To show the organization of the course that includes this module, follow this link:  Course organization

Learning outcomes

The course will develop some arguments of General Pathology preparatory to the understanding of the basic mechanisms of disease. The General Pathology comes at a critical point, the intersection between basic and clinical science. The course was aimed at establishing essential links between clinical and fundamental mechanisms, facilitating the understanding of the conceptual basis of disease.

Program

The program in brief
They will be explained: The general concepts of illness, disease and etio-pathology; the cell-based disease; oncology elements; immunity and inflammation


Detailed program

1) Generalities

a) Introduction to general pathology: fields and discipline purposes
b) The disease: definition; causes (determinants, adjuvants, occasional); pathogenesis; course (recurrence, relapse); outcomes (healing, chronic, death); diagnosis (signs and physical examination, symptoms and medical history).

2) Cell pathology

a) General concepts: the disease as the expression of cell damage?

b) Degenerative changes of the cells:
Causes (genetic, nutritional, from chemical, physical, from lack of oxygen, by living agents).
reversible cell damage, irreversible cell death. morphological cell changes related to the damage: various aspects of degeneration and necrosis

c) Modifications to steady-state cell:
stationary phones were molecular changes (hypertrophy, atrophy, atrophy) and their causes
cellular changes (hyperplasia, hypoplasia, aplasia) and their causes

d) Alterations of cellular differentiation processes:
Metaplasia, anaplasia, dysplasia

3) Oncology

Definition of neoplastic cells, benign and malignant tumors, Natural history of cancer: advancement, growth, progress, general effects on body. Metastasis

4) Inflammation

a) General concepts: utility of the inflammatory process
b) Acute inflammation: local and general manifestations of inflammation; causes; pathogenetic mechanisms (vascular component, the white blood cell component and the chemical mediators). The exudate and types of inflammation (erythema, serous, catarrhal, purulent, fibrinous, hemorrhagic, necrotizing). The consequences on 'body (abscess, phlegmon, fistula, adhesion, synechiae, payments).
c) Chronic inflammation: Causes; pathogenetic mechanisms; granuloma and granulomatous diseases.

Examination Methods

Written examination with questions with multiple answers.