Teaching code

4S00136

Credits

9

Coordinator

Adolfo Speghini

Language

Italian

Scientific Disciplinary Sector (SSD)

CHIM/03 - GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Moodle Seminars 0

The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

The course provides the fundamental concepts of General Chemistry and some basics of Inorganic Chemistry. In particular:
- models and general concepts as means of justification and prediction of physical and chemical properties of systems of increasing degree of complexity: atoms, molecules, substances, multi-component systems (homogeneous and heterogeneous).
- concepts and methods for predicting qualitative and quantitative changes of intensive and extensive properties of evolving chemical systems.
Numerical exercises have the aim to acquire competences to solve real problems of chemical interest.
The experiments in the chemical laboratory, that complete the knowledge acquired in the theoretical and numerical exercises parts, give manually and critical capacity of solving typical experiences of a chemical laboratory, together with information about the common equipment present in a chemical laboratory and how to work in safe conditions.

Program

Introduction. Chemical and physical properties of matter and their measurements.
Elements, atoms and compounds.
Nomenclature of inorganic compounds.
Chemical reactions. Reaction stoichiometry.
Ideal and real gases.
Thermochemistry. Internal energy and enthalpy. Standard enthalpy of reaction and formation.
Atomic structure. Atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration, Aufbau principle.
Periodic properties: atomic and ionic radii, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity.
Elementary notions on the ionic bond. Ionic compounds.
Covalent bond. Lewis formula. Resonance. Molecular geometry and polarity. Orbital hybridisation. Single and multiple bonds.
Interparticle forces.
Properties of liquids. Solutions. Colligative properties. Binary liquid mixtures. Distillation.
Properties of solids.
Chemical kinetics. Arrhenius equation. Reaction mechanisms.
Chemical equilibrium. Equilibrium constant.
Acid-base equilibrium. Acid, base and salt solutions. Acid-base titration. Buffer solutions.
Solubility equilibrium.
Entropy. Spontaneous processes. Gibbs free energy. Standard free energy of reaction and formation.
Electrochemical cells. Electrolysis.

Stoichiometry problems solving on the following subjects:
- Chemical formulas, chemical reactions and reaction stoichiometry.
- Ideal gas laws. Gas mixtures.
- Solutions: concentrations, colligative properties.
- Chemical equilibrium: applications of equilibrium constants to homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria.
- Acid-base equilibria, buffers, acid-base titrations.
Chemical laboratory safety and security

Laboratory experiments:
- determination of the hydrogen peroxide concentration in a commercial sample for pharmaceutical use
- determination of the number of water molecules in hydrate copper sulphate
- spectrophotometric determination of the concentration of a potassium permanganate solution
- weak base-strong acid titration
- strong base-strong acid titration
- determination of tap and commercial water hardness.

Bibliography

Examination Methods

The exam consists of a written test, including stoichiometric exercises and questions about the entire program of the course, and an oral exam. Written and oral tests are designed to ensure the student's knowledge of the whole program of the course. Particular attention will be given to the knowledge of the concepts of general chemistry, the correct resolution of numerical exercises and the knowledge of the methods, tools and techniques used in laboratory exercises.
For both attending and non-attending students, the subjects of the exam will cover all the topics discussed both in the theoretical part and in that of numerical and laboratory exercises.
Laboratory: a written work on the methods and results obtained during laboratory experiments is required.