The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

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MM: CHINESIOLOGIA E BIOMECCANICA
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Provide the student with the anatomo-kinesiological knowledge necessary to analyze human movement, through the application of the biomechanical principles.
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MM: CHINESIOLOGIA FUNZIONALE
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Provide the student the anatomical and kinesiological knowledge, in order to be able to analyse the human movement, using the biomechanics principles.
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MM: FISIOLOGIA DEI SISTEMI MOTORI
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The aim of this course is to provide to the students the knowledge to understand the physiology of striated skeletal muscle and neurophysiological mechanisms of motor control.

Program

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MM: CHINESIOLOGIA E BIOMECCANICA
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PART I: BIOMECHANICS - Biomechanics concept - Forces effect applied to the human body: -Gravity concept, gravity line and base of support - Muscular biomechanics (levers, vectors, muscle components) -Concept of friction, reaction forces -Concept of inertia -Features of visco-elastic tissues and kinesiological implications -Contraction type - Fixation concepts, neutralization - Kinetic chains PART II: FUNCTIONAL KINESIOLOGY Upper limb - Shoulder (joint features, muscle insertions, innervation and muscle action) Lower limb - Hip (joint features, muscle insertions, innervation and muscle action) - Knee (joint features, muscle insertions, innervation and muscle action) - Ankle-foot (joint features, muscle insertions, innervation and muscle action)
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MM: CHINESIOLOGIA FUNZIONALE
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Kinematic of human movement Analysis of movement (physiological and accessory) of the lumbar-thoracic-cervical spine: - Lumbar spine, pelvic girdle and concept of core stability - Thorax spine, chest and respiratory function - Cervical spine - Temporomandibular joint Analysis of movement (physiological and accessory) of upper limb - Elbow and forearm - Wrist and hand - Reach, Manipulation, grasp and pinch Analysis of movement of lower limb Gait analysis (kinematic, kinetic, muscle activity) Analysis of different static posture and change of position
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MM: FISIOLOGIA DEI SISTEMI MOTORI
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• Biophysics of Membrane: resting membrane potential, postsynaptic potentials and action potential. • Skeletal muscle: structure of sarcomere, cross-bridge cycle, excitation-contraction coupling, isometric and isotonic contraction, frequency-voltage and length-tension relationships. • Motor neurons and motor unit: order of recruitment of motor neurons and functional properties of the various motor units. • Effects of muscle denervation and cross muscle reinnervation on the contractile and histochemical properties of fast and slow muscles. • Effects of chronic electrical stimulation of innervated and denervated muscles. • Hierarchical levels of motor control: reflex, posture, automatic, volunteers and volunteers automated movements. • Locomotion and posture. • Role of the cerebellum and basal ganglia in motor control. • Movement volunteer: the primary motor cortex and premotor cortices.

Bibliography

Examination Methods

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MM: CHINESIOLOGIA E BIOMECCANICA
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Examination integrated with the functional kinesiology module. Written exam with multiple choice questions and open questions (drab type). Passed the written test, an oral exam will follow.
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MM: CHINESIOLOGIA FUNZIONALE
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Written exam with both multiple choice and open questions, Followed by an oral test.
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MM: FISIOLOGIA DEI SISTEMI MOTORI
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Oral exam: the exam will focus on the topics of the frontal lessons and will evaluate the knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the motor control.