Teaching code

4S02417

Teacher

Francesca Nardello

Coordinator

Francesca Nardello

Credits

6

Language

Italian

Scientific Disciplinary Sector (SSD)

M-EDF/01 - PHYSICAL TRAINING SCIENCES AND METHODOLOGY

Period

2° semestre SM dal Feb 26, 2024 al May 30, 2024.

Courses Single

Authorized with reserve

Lessons timetable Moodle Seminars 0

Learning objectives

The course aims to provide cultural and operational tools for the biomechanical analysis of human movement and sport activities (in water and on land). Part of the program will be carried out in the form of numerical exercises (data analysis) to enable the students to verify, from a practical point of view, the theoretical knowledge acquired and to familiarize themselves with the main biomechanical means of calculation.

Prerequisites and basic notions

The student must have a good basis in anatomy, physiology and mathematics, physics (as guaranteed by the courses referred to in the first year).
The course aims to provide cultural and operational tools for the biomechanical analysis of human movement and sport activities (in water and on land). Biomechanics is a subject with a typically interdisciplinary approach: knowledge of anatomy, physiology, physics and engineering are required. Therefore the course will be structured in such a way that students learn: i) basics of physics (mechanics of rigid bodies) in static and dynamic conditions (both for linear / translational and angular / rotational motion); ii) bases of physiology / anatomy for the study of deformable bodies (muscles, tendons and ligaments); iii) bases of joint mechanics; iv) basics of fluid mechanics (air, water); v) basic skills for the analysis of the main forms of cyclic locomotion in water and on land (e.g. walking, running, cycling, swimming). Part of the program will be carried out in the form of numerical exercises (data analysis) to enable the students to verify, from a practical point of view, the theoretical knowledge acquired and to familiarize themselves with the main biomechanical means of calculation.

Program

-Linear kinematics (displacement, velocity and linear acceleration. Characterization of parabolic motion);
-Angular kinematics (polar coordinates, angular displacement, velocity and acceleration. Uniform circular motion);
-Linear/angular dynamics (Newton's laws; external and internal forces; forces normal and tangential; the distribution of forces and pressure; frictional forces. Work and Power. Kinetic, potential and elastic energy. The principle of conservation of energy. Linear momentum and momentum. Impacts and collisions. The coefficient of restitution)
-Muscle mechanics (force-speed curve and force-length curve. Muscle architecture and specific tension. Mechanical properties of the different types of muscle fibers);
-Mechanics of tendons and ligaments (stress and strain, Young's modulus, hysteresis);
-Kinetics/Angular dynamics (Moment of inertia. Rotational kinetic energy. Torque and center of mass. Work and angular power. Moment conservation principle. Hints of joint biomechanics);
-Hints of biomechanics of fluids
Fluido statics: hydrostatic pressure, Archimedes' principle and torsion torque (under-water torque)
Fluid dynamics: viscosity and Reynolds number. Bernulli's principle. Hydrodynamic resistance: drag of form, pressure and friction. Fluids in linear and turbulent motion, the boundary layer. Magnus effect

Bibliography

Didactic methods

There are 40 hours of frontal lessons and 15 hours of practice.
The lectures will focus on the explanation of each of the points referred to in the program, with calculation exercises for the application of the various formulas, laws and equations.
The numerical exercises will allow students to verify the theoretical knowledge acquired from a practical point of view. Furthermore, students are expected to familiarize themselves with the main means of biomechanical computation.

Learning assessment procedures

A written exam (mandatory) and an eventual oral exam are foreseen to improve the evaluation of the written test
The written exam will consist of 3 blocks of questions:
-open questions with dry answer question (weight of 25% on the overall evaluation);
-open questions with a more articulated question (weight of 25% on the overall evaluation);
-exercises (50% weight on the overall evaluation).
The questions and exercises will be subject to all the topics covered in class. The exam method is the same for attending and non-attending students.

Evaluation criteria

Through the questions and exercises the student's ability to reason is evaluated, the ability to apply theoretical concepts to numerical examples, and the good knowledge of the basics of theory.

Criteria for the composition of the final grade

The final grade is the sum of the results in the 3 blocks (open questions with dry answer question = 25%; open questions with articulated question = 25%; numerical exercises = 50%).
The oral exam is used to verify the student's level of learning and, if possible, to consolidate the grade of the written assignment.

Exam language

Italiano