Teaching code

4S000084

Credits

4

Coordinatore

Giuseppe Verlato

Language

Italian

Moodle Seminars

The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

This course aims to develop students’ critical appraisal skills, with a particular emphasis on research articles and guidelines in the nursing literature. STATISTICS The aim of the course "Health statistics and clinical epidemiology" is to provide the theoretical and practical tools for assessing the frequency of diseases in human populations and the associated risk factors. The course therefore aims to provide expertise in epidemiology and bio-statistics. At the end of the course, the student must demonstrate to have understood the basic bio-statistical methods applied to epidemiology and the elements of an epidemiological study. EVIDENCE BASED NURSING This course provides an introduction to Evidence Based Practice principles, with a particolar emphasis on critical appraisal or assessement of research evidence in the health sciences literature. The development of critical appraisal skills is important for informing clinical practice. Students will learn important research skills such as how to define an answerable clinical research question, how to efficiently search for evidence on the most important databases, and develop the skills necessary to critically appraise or assess the validity and the generalizalibilty of a research article or a clinical practice guideline.

Program

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MM: METODOLOGIA DELL'INFERMIERISTICA BASATA SULLE EVIDENZE
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• The model and the elements of EBP process • Formulating an Answerable Question using the ‘P I C O’ principle • Searching evidence in scientific databases (eg pubmed) to identify and to propose solutions/ innovations to clinical • Understanding results from quantitative evidence: RCT’s, cross.-sectional and observational studies, systematic reviews and meta analysis • Understanding results from qualitative studies • Understanding the Clinical Practice Guidelines and their relevance in the nursing practice • Integrating clinical judgment, patient preferences and other available resources as a basis for clinical decision-making • The Evidence Hierarchy: definitions and examples
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MM: STATISTICA SANITARIA E EPIDEMIOLOGIA CLINICA
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INTRODUCTION The role of Statistics in Health Professions. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS Different measurement scales – Statistical variables and their presentation through frequency distributions: one-entry or double-entry tables – Measures of central tendency: mean (arithmetic, geometric, weighted), median, mode, percentiles – Measures of dispersion: range, interquartile range, sum of squares, variance (mean square), standard deviation, variation coefficient. PROBABILITY Classic, frequentist, subjective interpretations of probability – Sum and product rules of probability – Independent and dependent events and conditional probability – Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of a diagnostic test – ROC curves – Bayes theorem and its application to differential diagnosis – Random variables – Theoretical probability distributions: normal distribution. SAMPLING Populations and samples - Common sampling designs – Sampling distribution of an estimator (sample mean). STATISTICAL INFERENCE Point and interval estimates: confidence interval – Logical structure of hypothesis testing: null and alternative hypotheses; acceptance and rejection regions; type I and type II error; power of a statistical test – Choice of statistical test. EPIDEMIOLOGY Measures of disease frequency: prevalence, incidence – Measures of association: risk difference, relative risk, etiologic fraction, odds ratio – Study design: cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies.

Examination Methods

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MM: METODOLOGIA DELL'INFERMIERISTICA BASATA SULLE EVIDENZE
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Oral exam composed by different kind of questions to test: • evidence based nursing knowledge • critical thinking skills Appraising an article assigned from the teacher using open questions
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MM: STATISTICA SANITARIA E EPIDEMIOLOGIA CLINICA
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The written examination will consist of about 30 multiple choice questions with 5-8 possible answers, and one exercise of Statistical Inference on a simple data set. Some statistical questions will deal with an article dealing with Nursing, chosen by the teacher of Nursing. Wrong answers to the written examination will be orally discussed with the student. If a new lockdown phase will be enacted, the exam modality will be modified accordingly, i.e. exams will be performed in rooms large enough to guarantee social separation, or exams will be administered using the web-platform Zoom.