Teaching code

4S007228

Credits

8

Coordinatore

Chiara Della Libera

Language

Italian

Moodle Seminars

The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

Provide the basic knowledge of the physiology of the motor system, biomechanics, kinesiology and functional/evaluation methods in physiotherapy. PHYSIOLOGY OF MOTOR SYSTEM Provide knowledge to understand the physiology of the skeletal muscles and the neurophysiologic mechanism of motor control. Know the organisation of systems which control human body move-ments. BIOMECHANICS AND SEGMENTAL KINESIOLOGY Understand and analyse the mechanical aspects of movements based on kinematic and dynamic movements of human body. Describe physiologic and joint movements. Understand biomechanical factors that affect muscles capacity of generating force. Analyse and visualise the forces acting on specific joints and calculate internal and external mo-ments in static and dynamic contexts. Describe the inertial proprieties and frictional forces and understand how these factors may influ-ence human movements, both in local and global contexts. Know viscoelastic proprieties of tissues. Know joints physiology of the human body and analyse muscular actions, stress and stretching of the joints and the specific biomechanics. Analyse in a clinical perspective, mechanical movements taking into consideration all these aspects: kinematics, kinetics, muscular roles, levers, inertial system and additional variables. FUNCTIONAL KINESIOLOGY Understand concepts such as muscle chains, synergistic muscles, agonist/antagonist muscles, stabili-zation, muscles relating to functional gestures. Know the biomechanics of physiological and functional movements of the spine, static positions (supine, sitting, standing) and basic functional gestures involving different joints (such as postural changes). Know and evaluate the biomechanics of muscles of the upper limbs (reaching, catching, manipula-tion). Know and evaluate the biomechanics of muscles of the lower limbs (walking, climbing and going down the stairs). Be able to describe posture, postural changes and functional gestures alterations (walking, climbing and going down the stairs, reaching, catching, manipulation of objects) and describe, in a general way, the possible biomechanical causes. FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION IN PHYSIOTHERAPY Perform joint and muscular evaluation in all body parts by recognising qualitative and quantitative alterations, circumferential measurement of limbs, evaluation of the main cardiocirculatory and res-piratory parameters. Relevant supplementary data with observation of postural and gestures alterations. Know the physi-otherapy assessment scales to evaluate complex phenomena with their psychometric proprieties. Use in a proper way physiotherapy assessment scales (self-administered or administered by the physiotherapist).

Program

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MM: CHINESIOLOGIA FUNZIONALE
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MM: FISIOLOGIA DEI SISTEMI MOTORI
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The first part of the course will deal will the cellular membrane properties, the mechanics of muscle contraction and the features of motor units. The second part will take into consideration the control mechanisms of posture and voluntary movement, as well as the influence of basal ganglia and cerebellum on movement control. - General facts about movement control - Functional anatomy of scheletal muscle and mechanisms underlying muscle contraction - The neuromuscular junction: excitation of scheletal muscle - Properties and classification of motor units - Spinal mechanisms of motor coordination - Control of posture and equilibrium - Control of voluntary movement - Basal ganglia and movement - Cerebellum and movement
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MM: BIOMECCANICA E CHINESIOLOGIA SEGMENTALE
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-Define the movement planes, the anatomical position and the classification of joint movements with the relative exceptions. Define the reference systems and the vectors. -Define the characteristics of the laws of gravity applied to the human body, the tables of the linear somatic dimensions, the weighted dimensions and the distances of the centers of gravity from the fulcrums - Identify the vector of muscle strength based on the anatomy of the muscle by choosing the point of application, the direction, the verse and the module, and decomposing it into the rotational and axial components, constructing the biomechanical rectangle and using the main trigonometric formulas - To identify the principle of muscle reciprocity and the main mechanical factors that influence the intensity of muscle tension: type of contraction, orientation of muscle fibers; voltage / length ratio and speed voltage -Define the friction forces applied to the human body, the concepts of closed and open kinetic chain and the main examples applied to the human body -Analize a segmental gesture by identifying the external and internal forces, considering the relative moments with respect to one or more appropriately chosen axes and drawing an explanatory diagram -Describing the curves of the spine as a whole, the type vertebra, the elements of intervertebral connection and functional divisions of the rachis, the physiology of the intervertebral disc. Describe the movements of the spine as a whole -Describe the articular physiology of the lumbar spine as a whole, its movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on it, the static of the lumbar spine in an upright position -Describe the joint physiology of the dorsal spine as a whole, its movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on it, Describe the joint physiology of the cost-vertebral and sternocostal joints, the deformations of the thorax during inhalation and the exhalation and actions of the muscles of the breathing and the relationships between the diaphragm and the abdominal muscles -Describe the joint physiology of the cervical spine as a whole and in detail deisuoisegmentisuperioreand inferior, the relative movements and limiting factors normal, the action of the muscles acting on it, the balance of the head on the cervical spine -Describe the articular physiology of the temporomandibular joint and the action of the muscles acting on it -Describe the joint physiology of the shoulder girdle as a whole and its joints, the relative movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on it, the factors of coactation of the glenohumeral joint -Describe the joint physiology of the joint complex of the elbow and the radio-ulnar joints, the relative movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on them, the factors of joint elbow contraction -Describe the joint physiology of the wrist, the joints of the long fingers and the thumb, the relative movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on it -Describe the architecture and the position of function of the hand as a whole and the kinesiology of the prehension -Describe the architecture and the physiology of the pelvic girdle and of the sacro-iliac joints, of the coxo-femoral joint, the relative movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on it -Describe the joint physiology of the knee joint complex, its movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on it, the stability factors of the knee -Describe the articular physiology of the tibio-tarsics, relative movements and the normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on it, the stability factors of the tibio-tarsics -Describe the joint physiology of the joints of the foot and fingers, the relative movements and normal limiting factors, the action of the muscles acting on them. -Describe the general architecture of the plantar vault, the general distribution of loads and deformations, the adaptation of the plantar vault to the ground
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MM: VALUTAZIONE FUNZIONALE IN FISIOTERAPIA
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Bibliography

Examination Methods

------------------------ MM: CHINESIOLOGIA FUNZIONALE ------------------------ ------------------------ MM: FISIOLOGIA DEI SISTEMI MOTORI ------------------------ Exam in written form, oral integration on request. ------------------------ MM: BIOMECCANICA E CHINESIOLOGIA SEGMENTALE ------------------------ Aims: To pass the exam students must demonstrate that they have learned the theoretical contents of this teaching.   Contents: The exam content covers all the topics covered in class and reported in full in the program of this course. Assessment methods: - written test (multiple choice test) - oral exam by interview with the teacher;   Evaluation method: - written test (score from 0-30); - oral test (score from 0-30); The final grade will be given by the average of the two individual tests and will be expressed in 30ths.   There are no exam differences between attending and non-attending students. ------------------------ MM: VALUTAZIONE FUNZIONALE IN FISIOTERAPIA ------------------------